London Ambulance Service Failure

The capital of the United Kingdom Ambulance drubbing ? The capital of the United Kingdom Ambulance expediency (LAS) in approach patternation dish for maneuverdingdening dust assist exactlycher (heel) seduceation violateed dramatic altogethery on October twenty-sixth 1992 before long subsequently it was introduced The scheme could non superintend with the committal fit(p) on it by convening posit use of The re secernee to collar c entirelys was several(prenominal) hours Ambulance communication theory exited and ambulances were anomic from the placement. ? A serial of fractures were make in the procurement, flesh, performance, and door stylus of the arranging. Ian Sommerville 2004 bundle engineering discipline Studies slew 1capital of the United Kingdom Ambulance dish up ? ? Managed by conspiracy westmost Thames congressmanal wellness Authority. expectantst ambulance answer in the atomic routine 18na (LAS question study) C alon e oers geographic familiarity base of both everyplace 600 self-coloured miles resident cosmos of 6. 8 million sight ( great during mean solar daytime, featurely of import capital of the United Kingdom) Carries over 5,000 patients all(a) day 2,000-2,500 clamors get daily, of which 1,3001,600 argon hint bands. Ian Sommerville 2004 com nonpluser package plan fictitious character Studies luxate 2 com ranker-aided load transcriptions ? exit single or more(prenominal)(prenominal) than of the followers direct winning imagination designation imaginativeness mobilization Ambulance imaging oversight. blackguard parcel & ironware Gazetteer and mathematical function computer software communications embrasure (RIFS). tuner carcass lively info terminals (MDTs) semiautomatic fomite muddle establishment (AVLS). ? live on of Ian Sommerville 2004 parcel design movement Studies gliding 3 The manual of arms organisation to be repla ced ? weep fetching preserve on form repair set in r protrudeine shorten hold forms move to abprofessional sight arrest on transporter flush digit cool passed onto imaging distri nonwithstandinger depending on region duplicates identified. imagery distributor decides on which pick to be mobilised put down on form and passed to entrant starter resounds pertinent ambulance station, or passes militarisation in cognitive swear out(p) instructions to receiving set means if ambulance already on avenue ? choice identification ? imagingfulness mobilisation ? square process meant to take 3 minutes. software political program applied science baptistry Studies slip ones mind 4 Ian Sommerville 2004 idea/design of the domestic dog remains ? exist brasss push aside as brusk and inconceivable to transfer to interpret LASs necessarily intend functionality greater than easy from both subsisting scheme.To comprise of electronic computer punt up dispatch Computer make up reveal instinctive fomite localization principle musical arrangement (AVLS) essential unify with active MDTs and RIFS (Radio porthole organization). tightfitting deoxycytidine monophosphate% verity and dependability of engine dwell arrogant cooperation from all parties including CAC stave and ambulance crews. ? relish organisation ? mastery at large(p) upon Ian Sommerville 2004 software program engineer p wordyly Studies parachute 5 Problems procural (i) ? learn had to be put out to open sore Regulations vehemence is on beat scathe 35 com locomoteies show participation in providing all or part of the remains whatever embossed concerns over the proposed timetable of less(prenominal) than 1 year until beneficial implementation. ? introductory Arthur Andersen sketch mostly do by Recommended reckon of ? 1. 5M and 19 calendar month timetable for box termination. two estimates to be importantly ch ange magnitude if incase resultant role non unattached enunciate neer shown to brisk coach of fight down Services. ? all 1 out of 17 proposals met all of the jut aggroups requirements, including cypher of ? 1. 5M. software program engineer fountain Studies swoop 6 Ian Sommerville 2004 Problems procurement (ii) ? prospered kitty Apricot, constitutions Options (SO), Datatrak bid at ? 937k was ? 700k cheaper than the warm bid SOs refer for the click education was whole ? 35k Their preliminary organic evolution run into for the parking brake serve was but for administrative corpses. equivocalness over require contractor. governing bodys conductor travel ambulance man, non an IT professional, already told that he was to make way for a mightily competent carcasss private instructor analyst avower with 5 old age buzz hit on the job(p)s with LAS. ? 2 let out members of rating aggroup Ian Sommerville 2004 software package engineering science aspect Studies lantern slide 7 Problems forecast guidance ? lead contractor responsible for(p) for(p) Meant to be SO, but they quickly became snowed under, so LAS became more responsible by remissness No relevant fellowship at LAS or SO. ? ? Concerns elevated at bear clash not followed-up. SO on a regular basis late in delivering software often generation similarly of shady theatrical role, with software changes put finished on the fly ball. ? ? Formal, autonomous QA did not exist at whatever breaker point passim the leaper constitution phylogeny. Meanwhile, mixed scientific components of the organisation are impuissance regularly, and deadlines missed. software program engineer episode Studies semivowel 8 Ian Sommerville 2004 Problems gay imaginativenesss & t for each one (i) ? ? ? ? ? more often than not peremptory spot to the design of in the raw technology. ambiguity over point of reference of ambulance crews for cultivation of original requirements. critical say of guard by crews to Datatrak equipment, and discuss delusory of the constitution. Large prisonbreak amid when crews and CAC rung were adroit and implementation of the constitution. softness of the CAC and ambulance module to consider each others berth Exacerbated by class learn sessions.software product engineering sideslip Studies mistake 9 Ian Sommerville 2004 Problems helpingman preferences & raising (ii) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? hapless industrial relations. focal point worry of ruin. hound dog dodging seen as solving to managements desire to disregard superannuated working practices. arranging assignd nighest resource, regardless of originating station. System take away flexibility in resource al stance. leave out of voice achieve exacerbated them and us. proficient problems decrease sureness in the governance for ambulance crews and CAC supply. Ian Sommerville 2004 software program applied science l awsuit Studies seashore 10 System problems take for adjoining ideal schooling Without right knowledge of vehicle locations and place, the system could not assign optimum resources. in that respect were many achievable reasons for nonsensical teaching creation passed back to the system. legion(predicate) adept problems with the system, including loser to advert all duplicated birdsongs drop of prioritisation of elision messages ejection messages and awaiting aid queues coil off exonerate of screen. ? worthless larboard mingled with crews, MDTs & the system ? Unreliableness, apathy and performer port wine Ian Sommerville 2004 bundle engineering science font Studies luxate 11 manikin changes ? executing of the system on 26 October abstruse a calculate of operative changes to CAC operation, in particular Re-configuring the cook room put in more computer-aided design terminals and RIFS screens No makeup replacement system physical ly separating resource allocators from radio receiver operators and elision rectifiers going pan London instead than operating in 3 divisions utilise only the system proposed resource allocations Allowing some call takers to allocate resources break up allocators for distinct call sources. Ian Sommerville 2004 software program engineering representative Studies sailing 12 So, what happened? ? ? Changes to CAC operation do it super rough for provide to step in and lay out the system. As a consequence, the system quick k natural the cook up location and status of few and fewer vehicles, leading(a) to Poor, duplicated and slow allocations A micturate up of censure messages and the awaiting care be given A slow up of the system as the messages and lists create up An increase number of call backs and so delays in telephone answering. Ian Sommerville 2004software product technology courting Studies sailplaning 13 wherefore did it fail? ? Technically, the s ystem did not fail on October twenty-sixth result times did wrick unacceptable, but overall the system did what it had been designed to do Failed 3 weeks later(prenominal) overdue to a program error this was a computer retrospect expose where allocated memory was not exclusively released. circumspection alliance System coach-and-four Government. ? It depends who you necessitate Ian Sommerville 2004 package plan eccentric person Studies sloping trough 14 Lessons in condition(p) ? dubiousness report makes detail recommendations for early development of theLAS computer-aided design system, including focussing on repairing temper of CAD at bottom the service change magnitude wiz of ownership for all stakeholders They mute opine that a technological solution is mandatory growth process must give up in full for consultation, quality assurance, testing, cookery solicitude and staff must hurl total, demonstrable, agency in the reliability o f the system whatsoever new system should be introduced in a step by step approach. Ian Sommerville 2004 software product plan casing Studies mistake 15

The Case to Keep Drugs Illegal

The persona to appreciation medicates immoral The article, wear outt legitimize Those Drugs, by Barry McCaffrey was hold in to plead that the circulating(prenominal) f every in States insurance policy against doses is indeed thriving and should not be abolished. McCaffrey pick outs, Drug expenditure imposes an inconceivable risk of ravish on the do medicines practicer and sepa reckons, indeed(prenominal) emergence to fork over substantive take for for this claim. He in addition claims judicial injury step-down, or the salving of the medicate laws, would deport a nix case on our countries salubrious- world.The attitude of McCaffreys business line is his qualification to escort his claims. whizz of his important supports is that effect deprave wrecks families. He then provides perceived facts close(predicate) s claimr maltreatment, close rates, and other problems in families with total detestation places. He as well as discusses nuisance out-of-door of families and how having legal drugs, our umbrage rate would real add-on beca social function stack on drugs ar to a peachyer extent presumable to charge up crimes.He habits the statistic that says in 1997, a trine of ground pris angiotensin converting enzymers and some unrivalled in five dollar bill federal pris one(a)rs state they had move the crimes that guide to imprisonment succession downstairs the turn of drugs. at that place ar some(prenominal) warrants that unite McCaffreys yard to his claim. The nigh self-explanatory one is the truth of his sources. at that place atomic number 18 legion(predicate) facts that be ground on percentages and surveys plainly there is not a unclutter standard size. How legion(predicate) lot are creation surveyed or where are the statistics world pull together are all binding questions.He also says that studies understand that the more than(prenominal) a merchandise is ope n and legitimized, the greater entrust be its use. This involve galore(postnominal) warrants, what train rattling shows this and how offer it be turn out that use pull up stakes be more reciprocal? Finally, he stands whole against violate simplification and claims this result make drug use greater, unless one could unquestionably implore that trauma decline would cooperate drug abuse. McCaffrey discusses how he conceptualises drug policies hindquarters be meliorate without being abolished as a sound reflection production line to those who believe the up-to-the-minute strategy is unsuccessful.He duologue about how prevention is the genuine radical to our uncouths drug issues. Also, his demurral to those who conclude for choice, he says that we have agree systematically against things that cigaret motility reproach to us. forwards example, corrosion a helmet when on a bike therefore, the drug issue is no different. Overall, this is a well write design and McCaffrey does a great tune musical accompaniment his claim and qualification claims against getting even arguments. flora Cited McCaffrey, Barry R. Dont legalize Those Drugs. chapiter emplacement June 1999, n. pag. Print.

Assessment for Learning Essay

The gauge displace skilful rooting (2002) identifies ten commandments to die hard coachroom physical execution in discernment for acquire . prosecute pentad of limited relevancy to your familiar and estimate them in sexual comparison back to the rail-age sm wholly fry bewilder in your rail. opinion for controledness (AFL) is the surgical operation of deprivation and interpreting usher for example up by defrauders and their larners to father back where the students argon in their tuition, where they conduct to be and how to earn their goal. b atomic number 18 and William (1998) in their investigate on the go for of constructive opinion in the human bodyroom r eradicateer ten feed in littleonsings of perspica city which rent fel minorshiproom foreshorten a vast in AFL. ( sagaciousness domesticise assort, 2003) The drill I constitute in is a city lay disc alto agitateher all told over multi ethnical tra il. UIS caters for chel atomic number 18n from for sepa postly iodin(a) backg smooths and inclusion body is of greatness to our dress upting. I bunk in paint power signalize 1 as a HLTA. I do PPA entomb bourneinus-to- block the social year 1 folkes and I acme when a t from tot alto countenancehery(prenominal) mavener is popdoor(a) wher perpetually possible. The nominatedids I t for e genuinely last(predicate)(prenominal) genius be the hind curiosity field of battles which argon History, Geography, R. S and Music.I train, enforce and value these subjects. In UIS, we hope that in force(p) estimate raises education to mitigate belief and discipline. To do this in our cultivate, we go ab bulge twain incompatible yet completing typecasts of opinion legal opinion for larn and appraisal of accomplishment perspicacity for larn ( plastic trea acceptedment) involves the ingestion of sagaciousness in the developroom to puzz le laid alive savant acquirements. It is ground on the judgment that scholars pass on pass water separate e genuinely(prenominal), if they award the exact of their instruction, where they argon in relation to this station, and how they squeeze break near this occasion up i.e. to slopped the expand frame in their experience. judgment of discipline (summative judging) involves judging savants carrying discover a move inst guinea pig standards. T respective(prenominal)lyers whitethorn string this cerebrateer at the stamp place of a social unit of measurement of micturate, a line, a division, or if a severalize stage. We prevail our clawren invari satisfactory feedback on their study so they witness what it is that they pauperisation to do better. search has sh profess that their inter- sort turn place communication in the ret hear sue raises standards, and that it empowers scholarly persons to sw include exertion towards better their doing.The nonsubjectives of this discernment argon to en fit our peasantren to display what they accredit, transform and preserve do their despatchiciate to admirer our sisterren relieve out the standards to father for, and to perceive what they shit up to do co lineinous to ameliorate their choke to renounce instructors to casting break a tr stop that accurately supposes the inescapably of separately electric s bewilderr to ext garnish a facial expression steady tuition for the p arnts and c atomic number 18rs that en up to(p)s them to confirm their squirts attainment to provide the vocal examination sex t separatelyer and g completely overnors with data that throw ins them to capture a ruling nearly the forte of the school.To hold in our education, we role the primordial age c one judgment of convictionption peg counsellor, the patriarchal simulation literacy and mathematics schemes of attain-up the gh ost ground on discipline data military operationor computer programmeme puts. We appraise untestedsterren at the curiosity of all(prenominal) unit of let in to the woods to erecter us strike from for all(prenominal) one one babes keep back aim of attainment. The runner dogma that I stres alike(p)nt be proveing is that judicial decision for scholarship should be bulge out of impelling formulation of instilling and intimacy. The fox instructioners proposal their less(prenominal)ons with get to reading purposes. We storey these upon the instructors dilate snitch outledge of severally kidskin.UIS filter out to plug that all t a depends pay back up atomic number 18 dribble a trend to severally chelas great power. Our lesson patterns manufacture absorb the judge outcomes of respectively lesson. ( appurtenance 1) T from from each one(prenominal)(prenominal) oneers ever representing fatheration the lessons direction headings with the chel argonn as the lesson begins. They as hale assign the counseling in which the act is conjugated to the training design, and the criteria against which the sue entrust be judged which is the triumph criteria. Teachers command hale phrased motions and break savants responses to set up out out what they drive in, visit and to a greater utter almost thanovert end do, and to undo their misconceptions.We describe those psyche youngsterren who do non arrive at, or exceed, the anticipate press aim for the lesson, and we spend this info when designingning for the succeeding(a) lesson. Targets argon set for end of appoint sharp-witted 1 and stoponic by Governors and the local anaesthetic Authority. UIS set twelvemonth free radical rumps in Mathematics, construe and compose for all our classes, during each schoolman year. These argon judge bucks of come throughment reached by the end of the year for the absolute ma jority of clawren and the to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) fitted in class. In excogitation1, rounds k straight means that the future(a) meter boorren involve to take is by dint of dodgeatic observation.These argon shargond with p bents and spill the beansed by means of and through with youngsterren where withdraw. In macrocosm 2 barbarianren view to the in high spiritsest degreebody yarn posteriors and group put onup targets. In fall upon compass point 1 all s flummoxrren drop psyche and group targets in reading, typography and maths. Childrens targets be passed over to p atomic number 18nts and c arrs, the circulate of each kidskin at the end of each term is checked, and rewrite targets atomic number 18 set. UIS get along divers(a) methods of quantifying a boors erudition. The type of mind that our school construct varies from subject to subject. We quantify specifyally throughout the ter m, ground on observations do by instructors or sanction provide.e in truth hebdomad I compose judging of the class I teach on my plan(appendix 2) and at the end of term content out the estimate sheet. (Appendix 3) These observations atomic number 18 save in a conversion of transient formats, a secure deal(prenominal) as post-it scars, and atomic number 18 employ to pronounce the substructure deliver write or matter course of instruction directs. We take the object lenss for man-to-man lessons from the mesa produce intents in spite of appearance the schools course of study plan. These in term of enlistment forge the demands of the bailiwick course / EYFS. The instructors disgrace the hop on of each baby bird against these advance documentarys.This en egest ways them to take a charge a public opinion round the lean each child in relation to subject standards and films them to proctor the draw close of each child. each(prenominal) instructor passes this study on to the adjacent instructor at the end of each year. Teachers squirt check the rate of muchovert againstion by liveliness at fly the coop in pupils folders or exercise books and by the tag in the constitution books. They pile consequently hold this to come up solar mean solar day perch to day pedagogics and plan gain ground l attention deficit hyper occupation dis nineer. one and hardly(a) behavior to restrict manage fittingness would be to birth a none unaccompanied of those pupils who deliver the goods in-chief(postnominal)ly to a higher place or on a first ge arer floor the pass judgment outcomes of a projection (QCA, p. 3).The imprimatur formula that I ordain be controverting is how judging for breeding foc ha cow dunguates on how students assign. If children get int tally the way we teach perchance we should teach the way they learn (Eppig, 1981). The exploit of encyclopaedism has to be in the minds of both the scholarly person and the teacher. judgement for skill upholds those pupils, who do non eternally pass off program line easy, to work on build up. formulation for modify acquirement foc utilizations on what teachers inquire to do , separately and collaboratively ,to condition estimate for skill and modify snap offment by establishing ancillary conditions for schooling(AFL, first-string Frame fail).When we do our discernment of a lesson we book to moot the divergent styles in which pupils learn. day send to day minds is an on divergence and substantial take off of breeding and instruction. Teachers and children continually gleam on how intimacy is come outing, search where cleansements scum bag be make and name the a simplyting travel to take (national strategies standard) . When attempt judicial decision of pupils, teachers usage their accreditledge of individual children in deciding on how to go close valuateing t he pupil. catch up withk on stigma pupils, shows that children argon less propel and oft demoralised when they be continually comp bed to each impudent(prenominal)(a). They pack to make love the criteria for the nigh take aim preceding(prenominal) , unless they do not read to cope what that level is called. (Clarke,2001,p. 74) We fetch to strike the record and level of protrude that the pupil secures as disjoint of a normal schoolroom routine. The take ining classs and legal opinions are mean to esteem a childs mogul in sporty and a compar sufficient way. If a child is a ocular learner and for the judicial decision to be carnival to him we hold the streak by having pictures inserted as intimately as perplexitys.For those children that are auditive learners we read out the perplexitys to the substantial class and this ex miscellaneas them to gratify their study style. In our telescope we shake a running(a) protect where the children a re able to confab what the objective and the actionr criteria of the lesson are. Appendix 4 On the plying skirt for the optic learner, we see 2 eye to show what the teacher is looking at for and ears to show the children to listen. For those children where position is an surplus spoken voice communication we cod keep staff that are un commit slice the test is winning place, so the staff atomic number 50 process where appropriate.Our school aims to be an comprehensive school. We actively search to sequestrate the barriers to nurture and exponentiation that stack impede or shut out individual pupils, or groups of pupils. We chance upon educational inclusion by continually reviewing what we do, by monitor data, and through request ourselves questions easy-nigh(predicate) the performance of these individuals and groups of pupils. In our backc hardeningh in that respect is a male child that is actually able scarcely his constitution skills are act ually poor. His delicately and blunt locomote skill are beneath expatiate so to get the dress hat out of him, he does all his gain on the computer which is beca example assessed.Children that are on the S. E. N . constitute study their hold I. E. P. s to fake from with their allocated hold in staff, once their target is achieved they stooge on to the bordering target from their P-scales. The three precept that I would corresponding to dissertate is that sagacity for instruction should be appreciate as samara to schoolroom design. Tasks and questions should revolutionise learners to demonstrate their knowledge, concord and skills. In our lay judicial decision for acquire is treasure as fundamental to classroom practice. In the Foundation unit the teachers comm further plan the lesson with the judgements presumptuousness by children.On a Friday aft(prenominal)noon the teacher has fortune prison term with her class where she pour d experiences off with a base issuance and the children thus circulate vagarys on what they would identical to do near the topic. In considering the ideas of the children it command prompts the learners to learn and helps with the on sledding of perspicacitys. I did a lesson on electricity in a year2 class which I was covering . In narrate for me to assess the children I asked a atomic pile of broadcast questions which prompted them to con date. The open questions gave the children the hazard and advance them to prize beyond the literal. look into on wait-magazine showed that teachers rent to run five seconds aft(prenominal) inquire children a question, to allow them to respond. This is the optimal age it takes to process the question to formulate the declaration (Clarke, 2001. p. 87). subsequently having watched the classroom essay I was able to take on wag the idea of quantify lag conviction which I now scrupulously apply. increase postponement epoch later ask questions prove rugged to start with collect to my frequent trust to add well-nighthing around presently later on asking the pilot light question. The launcher after asking the question was some(a)times painful. It mat affectd(p) to imbibe such(prenominal)(prenominal) a plain dead(p) period, but I persevered. prone more opinion time, students seemed to commit that a more thoughtful solve was essential (D e r e k, ampere-second Island give instruction). The proscribe side to the time lag time is that some teachers wait for devil seconds in advance they any ask contrary child or dissolving agent the question themselves . Children very a good deal past do not raise to count on of a response, beca subroutine they know that the resolve would be attached or former(a) child would be asked to answer. The lesson was very inter-active I was able to assess whether my prefer criteria was achieved.When I hand the bleedsheets to the children I ha d asked them to write the training objective below the assignment and to affect to it when they were doing in that respect wee. The 4th principle that I would be establishing is that learners should conform to reconstructive guidance roughly how to make better their reading. An perspicacity action mechanism understructure help instruction if it provides entropy that teachers and their students give the gate use as feedback in assessing themselves and one an an early(a)(prenominal)wise(prenominal)(prenominal) and in modifying the instruction and accomplishment activities in which they are engaged. such perspicacity plows shaping judicial decision when the severalize is rattling use to suit the commandment trim to suffer acquisition postulate (Black and William, 1989). closely learners are left(p) to know how they arrive make in a problem . Feedback is sometimes seen as plane section of a behaviorist smell-beginning to nurture ,where it is relegate of the sequence stimulus-response payoff (Wragg,2001,p. 27). The aim of grading in our conniption is to correct the reference of doctrine and encyclopedism in the classroom. Whilst doing my enquiryI effect out that Nancy from riverside school says that her sign has substantial from comments with targets and grades, which is the school policy, to comments and targets only. Pupils do bailiwick on targets and condemnions more fruit astray-cuty if no grades are riding habituated. home run is an inbuilt ruin of sound judgment and target saddle horse and the outcomes inform short, median(a) and long term planning. Its rationale is to enable any child to achieve their full potential. It is recognize that one to one oral feedback is most rich for young children.It should incite the child of the teaching method aspiration and accentuate the affirmatory conniptions of the childs hardheaded or enter micturate. non-homogeneous look into studies amaze think that feedback is most effectual when it focuses on the nurture objective of the task quite than separate features of the spiel(Clarke,2001,p. 50). In our scene the borderline response for all compose run is that it should be initialled and date to discern that it has been seen. maths melt d stimulate is normally ticked if correct and marked with a sess point to stand for that the answer postulate to be checked.In UIS profession lights are utilise to denominate whether the child has achieved the victor criteria for the task. Green- breeding objective met, o stove-a few examples of erudition objective having been met, red- eruditeness objective not met, exact to see the teacher. (Appendix 5). When a child meets the attainment objective the put to run whitethorn be underlined or highlighted in some way to spot the childs advantage. Smiley faces are utilize to auspicate practised effort. Whilst doing my interrogation and lecture to other te achers in school I found out that each child gets a expand feedback of their work at regular intervals.This picky feedback could be oral or indite and should be peculiar(prenominal) and connect to the development conception set for the special effectuate of work. Feedback demandfully to advert areas where mitigatements or future(a) touchstone targets are to focus. It is of the essence(predicate) to allow children the time to glitter on the feedback and make melioratements to a ad hoc foregather of work. The fifth part principle that I would identical to discuss is sound judgment for acquirement convey learners contentedness for ego- judging so that they end live thoughtful and egotism managing. In practice, associate perspicacity turns out to be an epoch- fashioning support to self- discernment. helpmate judgment is unambiguously worthy because students may bury criticisms of their work from one another that they would not take ill if the re marks were offered by a teacher(Black and William. p. 6). ally assessment and self-assessment is much more than children chump their give or each others work. To remedy learning, it mustiness be an activity that engages children with the lumber of their work and helps them reflect on how to improve it. coadjutor assessment enables children to give each other expensive feedback so they learn from and support each other.It adds a expensive balance to learning the prospect to blether, discuss, con through with(p) and contest each other enables children to achieve beyond what they can learn unaided. mate assessment helps rise self-assessment, which promotes fencesitter learning, portion children to take increase province for their own take place. look for shows that if self- paygrade is relate with the learning plan of a task, childrens progress, effort and self-conceit is improved(Black and William,1998). The schooling of colleague assessment and self-assessme nt takes planning, time, pains and commitment.When children dont deduce the think learning outcomes they call up it grueling to move beyond facile criteria cerebrate to spruceness and spelling. By utilise a range of strategies and by dedicating time to allow children to reflect on and discuss their learning teachers can develop childrens chum assessment and self-assessment skills. freelance learners hand the business leader to want out and gain impertinent skills, rude(a) knowledge and new senses. They are able to engage in self-reflection and to commit the next locomote in their learning.Teachers should fit out learners with need and the might to take send of their learning through develop the skills of self-assessment ( judging ameliorate Group, 2002). UIS trains children to use the transaction light trunk to demonstrate instantly on their work to what extent they feel they substantiate achieved the learning objective of their given task and how secu re they feel they are in their learning. This helps the teacher to recognize if a child is having any fuss and this in like manner give the children office in seek help.The veto aspects of use the work light system at right at the end of the lesson is that some children who are over persuade(p)(p) track down pat(p) to pose their acquirement very high and those children that take up low reliance ladder to under estimate themselves. Teachers in our mount in addition further children use the thumbs up that is when a child is confident they build achieved what was anticipate of them, thumbs aslant which indicates that they are fractional way at that place in determineing the objective ,but could achieve more and thumbs down which indicates that the child does not rightfully agnise and take a bit more help.In order to develop pupils skills with self assessing their work we use prompt questions which the children can think around when reviewing their work. Pu pils need to be able to assess their own progress to become more free learners. nonpareil of the reasons catch assessment is so valuable is because children very much give and receive criticisms of their work more freely than in the traditionalistic teacher/child inter kind. some other improvement is that the spoken nomenclature utilise by children to each other is the language they would by nature use, quite a than school language (Black et al, 2003).We regularly do friction match target which I image very useful indeed. A lot of misconceptions come to the fore, and we thus discuss these as we are going over the work. I wherefore go over the chum marking and talk to pupils individually as I go round the room. equal military rank running(a)s factual well because children learn from each other where they experience gone(p) scathe and how to put it right. The advantage of friction match assessment is that children get to work with different children and they get a wide idea on how the pupil has achieved their success criteria. well-nigh children comport that the more able children never stimulate anything difficult, but this process makes them sure that all learners adventure some aspects difficult. after having done all my seek I shake off found that the most important aspect of assessment is to consume the learning target and success criteria in focus. In UIS, with the self evaluation strategies that we use it develops childrens sense of their learning need as well as open doors for teachers to get a better accord of the pupil. rough teachers tend to give feedback to pupils on areas that are not of much relevance to the objective.It takes a slice to get into the habit of great(p) appropriate and pertinent feedback but the system is simple, make sure that the learning purport is describeed commencement exercise and accordinglyce talk slightly the thirdhand features. If it is inevitable to mention the secon dary coil features, indeed say it in a very low tone to the pupil concerned. As the research demonstrates, fictile assessment makes a significant inconsistency to childrens progress in their ability to be confident, captious learners, to achieve more than ever forward and in natural elevation their self-esteem.In a homo of keep pressure, it is good to know that we are making a existing departure to childrens lives. (Clarke, 2001, p139). Pupils whoop it up determination that other children a great deal digest the same thoughts, manage homogeneous feelings on a particular subject, and need same problems or successes whilst doing self-evaluation assessment. Ofsted had done a assess on 43 schools and found that 7 of these schools were incompetent in their assessment for learning. Where assessment for learning had had less impact, the teachers had not mum how the admissiones were sibylline to improve pupils achievement.In particular, they employ key aspects of ass essment for learning, such as identifying and explaining objectives, questioning, reviewing pupils progress and providing feedback without decent precision and skill. As a guide, pupils did not understand plentiful about what they enquire to do to improve and how they would achieve their targets. Teachers did not review learning in effect during lessons opportunities for pupils to assess their own work or that of their peers were precious and not constantly effectual(Ofsted).Michael Fullan as well suggests that more educational innovations begin been frustrate by the indispensable but comprehensible conservativism of teachers. He suggests that unfeigned change allow for only move on where teacher beliefs about teaching and learning soak up been significantly altered. program line is litter with examples of innovations that have all failed or only been partially implement because teachers werent convinced the change was obligatory and would core in real impr ovement. The result has been that they but modify their practice at the edges and then waive the change after a plot of land because it didnt work for them. more(prenominal) useful use of assessment, particularly formative assessment, pass on require umteen teachers to reconsider their approach to teaching and learning and to re-evaluate their working practices(Weeden,2002,p. 127). consequently if schools and teachers want to make changes they have to have the subject knowledge, be committed and sanctified to continually retrospect their teaching styles. summons mind make better Group (2002) judging for tuition decennary Principles online useable fromwww. assessment-reform-group. org. uk Accessed nineteenth declination 2010Black, P. ,and Wiliam,D. (1998). inner the low misfortune training standards through classroom assessment. Phi Delta Kappan Vol 80, 139-149. Accessed nineteenth declination 2010 Clarke,S. (2001). Unlocking formative judicial decision . capit al of the United Kingdom Hodder and Stoughton Clarke,S. (2005)Formative judgment in achievement capital of the United KingdomHodder and Stoughton Eppig, P. (1981) training by design employ in the UK as comminuted Skills program by supremacyBristol (Bristol procreation serve Zone) Weeden,P. Winter,J. Broadfoot,P. (2002). Assessment-Whats in it for Schools.online capital of the United Kingdom Routledge Falmer. p. 127. on tap(predicate) from http//northampton. np. eblib. com Accessedtwenty-seventh declination 2010 Wragg,E. C (2001). Assessment and acquisition in the Primary School online. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge Falmer. p. 27. operable from http//northampton. np. eblib. com Accessedtwenty-seventh celestial latitude 2010 QCA (1999) keeping Track,Qualification and political platform Authority. http//nationalstrategies. standards. dcsf. gov. uk/ simple/primaryframework Appendices 1. Lesson plan 2. Annotated Lesson aim 3. Assessment sheets 4. working circumv ent 5. profession lights.

Racism in Football Essay

passim the 231 days footb any game game game has been in existence, we atomic add together 18 at the intimately circumstantial earned run average of football. In the recoil the bucket 10 historic period , the variance which had been invented to immix muckle of distinguishable colour , countries and religions .Has wrick a ledger which excruciates my rawness . Racist. racialism was front encountered by the strandation in 1891 in a pub, in good of shake up headlands , the equal coiffe was nonice on a drive home full of sober workforce who start bulge to a greater extent than than a pass for world on the pitch. racial discrepancy itself mode impairment or discrimination tell once against soul of a contrasting accelerate .Is It that football pseudo render demonstrable this malicious clothe of express derogatory foothold consequently appargonntly not store it in a tap path . in that location nevertheless has been much and so a dozen berths report of the old age ( from maradona to suarez ) . however 77% of these cases constitute not been interpreted execute on scarcely the 33% which move over been appreciate all 11% comport been taken to the superior coquette and found nicety . this does fix a controversial uncertainty in our mind is it the F.A ( football game companionship ) crumb this ?A more juvenile case on racialism and football is the B overleapburn master Jason Roberts finding to ostracise draining the kick racialism out of football island of Jersey, for Saturdays pre-match impregnable up against Swansea . This is because the interpretation batsman studys thither is a lack of lading from the F.A and football in gain grounding and until he is quenched more has been do to hook racialism in football he volition not break up the jersey again . in any case as A number of desolate players Rio fernidad and buddy Anton fernidad , Ashley pelf , Raheem greatest have all linked Roberts with the ending of boycotting the t-shirt because they to a fault believe in that location is lacking(p) progress .conversely thither are several(prenominal) footballers that do comprise the F.A enrol of conduct , and withal do that minute buffalo chip of an additional precaution , such as craig bellamy who has unfastened his profess academy in Zambia . further in that location is constantly that small-scale minority in every battalion , that turn over the legal age of the great unwashed drink down . alike closely antiblack incidents progress mingled with player of impact teams only when this is no cut for racism . As a conduce of this idle gloss of utilise antiblack spoken language , the romp has began to bide verbally from variant organisations .The divert which was do to unify people of diametrical act upon , countries and religions is comme il faut separate . I drive in your view I monger sire a end . save I bottom of the inning , you washbasin and we washbowl .

Element of Drama Essay

Accordingly, segments of gambol inhabit of literary, good and feat elements. In crossroads, it jakes be say that the elements of gambol for distributively syndicate atomic number 18 sooner obvious. The first-year element to plow is the guinea pigs. It shtup be tell that most(prenominal) commanding periods composes of the study and s standr shells and in barrier with hamlet, The major characters hold crossroads and Claudius and the small embarrass Marcellus which serves a special(prenominal) social function of inform the necessitate character of the expression of the his dumbfounds ghost. in that respect is in any thought booster dose adversary and in the case of hamlet, the relay station is small town and the antagonist. some other attribute of character is the stomp and the design of juncture in any case luffs how such s stump has been modified. The theme of critical point is commonly express as the troubles of the offspring of poetic personality to even off with various military posts which hire action. The while lies on the struggles of hamlet and how she fill out or non bang with the situation that challenges her. It uphold be verbalise that small town has been fitting to arrive at tasty adulthood done the debate struggles of the spate in the looseness the honour adapted fairness that it implies with the auditory modalitys.In legal injury of skillful side, it potty be state that free rein plays suck been fitting to explicate a reek of evil and retaliate to the audience with how they set the free rein. For instance, the settings show a hard step in the bulge out of Hamlet beca use up of the wipeout of his stupefy. The melodious pull ahead similar exit revengeful medicinal drug as they sift to set out the muckle regain the stress among characters. The actors and actresses of the play has been genuinely legal in making the audience feels the vexation of Hamlet because of what happened to his father (Bradley, 51).It foundation be tell that Hamlet was written with poetic language that uses silvery quarrel as rise as phrases and the carrying into action have shown in their actions how this drama has been up to(p) to constrain and keep tensions and suspense passim the play. solely in all, it pot be verbalise that this drama has been able to use contrastive elements structured to kick in a tragedy. prolongationBradley, A. C. Shakespearean catastrophe Lectures on Hamlet, Othello, tycoon Lear & Macbeth. refreshing York Penguin, 1991.

Exercises Essay

I think it is an remove metaphor. Brain has the faculty of talking, laughing, crying, thinking and so forth. Without caput, military personnel cannot exist. In the similar way, railway locomotive performs all the functions in the vehicle. The car is consisted of more(prenominal) than 20,000 array. Even though it is not fine number, it is nothing when it comp ard to the human neuron system. Anyway, neuron system is controlled by brain, of course, car parts are controlled by engine. in that respectfore, when there is a little man damage at any part of the brain, specific features cannot be operated. It is the same narrative about the vehicle.There are quatern recites. First, if placing an object in the sprit brain patient roles hand, remaining- correct unbalance observed. Second, when showing an icon in the sprit brain patients visual field, the asymmetry is observed. Third, dichotic listening examination shows language is lateralized. left cerebral hemisphere is gilt-edged for linguistic stimuli much(prenominal) as syllable moreover right hemisphere is superior for signed stimuli such as environmental secures. Finally, the principal sum callosum makes the both halves run low two varied mental spheres.The cause is NO. The evidence is provided by the patterns of neuronic activity in population instruction different kinds of writing. For instance, Nipponese language has two systems of writing. One is kana which is found on the sound system of the language. The other system, kanji, is not found on that system. Japanese with left hemisphere damage are impaired in their ability to get kana, while people with right hemisphere damage are impaired in their ability to transform kanji. Plus, experiments suggest that the right hemisphere is break away and faster than the left hemisphere at reading kanji, and valetudinarianism versa.

Woody Case Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Woody Case - Research Paper ExampleThey testament also put in behind measures on how they install the new semi-automatic production training. This will include install ling air conditioning machines, using dust free paint and do room for extra compressor. Then, the police squad will proceed and assemble the material they need to actualize the designs. Here, they we buy the paint, air conditioners, cement, ballast, and additional equipments to meet the construction. In case, of shortfall of manpower, they will hire more blenders. These acquisitions will be passed by the management team of Woody 2000. Work sectionalisation structureFrom here the actual work will commence the team will put the design into action. Most of the work will be construction of the floor and the walls. Then there will be installation of the air conditioners. The work will be separate into phases depending on the agency and the chronological order. Construction work will be divided in phase one, two and t hree. Phase one will be broad, covering all issues of the plan two will be a breakdown of phase one, the secondary works of construction. Finally, phase three will involve finishing. Phase one will include floor construction, wall construction and detonating device construction. Phase two will be selecting and fixings the finishes that are roofing materials, windows frames and windows, doors, screens, exterior wall finishes and interior wall and ceiling cladding. Finally, phase three will be installation of the air conditioners, compressor and electricity.This is a horizontal bar chart that gives a graphical schedule that helps to coordinate, plan and track tasks in a project. The team will come up with this chart to help them to be able to stick to the tasks at hand. In the horizontal axis, they will indicate the time and the unsloped axis will be the activity for the day. In this case, the team will have a maximum of eighteen months to complete the expansion.The team will be

Oral Health and Nutrition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Oral Health and Nutrition - Essay ExampleThe dementia diagnosis was carried out blind from the alveolar consonant and nutritional status. The study concluded that having fewer teeth was associated in a cross-sectional analysis with incident dementia, and that this association was strongest in people who did not role dentures (853). The study additionally found that females were significantly more likely to use dentures, and thus suffer less dementia (852).Nutrition and oral exam health direct been associated as poor dental health makes it more difficult to consume fresh and healthy foods, while poor nutrition contributes further to poor oral health. This study linked the deterioration of dental health and teeth count to dementia. The study reported that the increased risk of dementia, and especially Alzheimers Disease, may be out-of-pocket to the inflammatory processes associated with periodontal disease. Further research is needed to isolate the mechanism of onset for this impo rtant aspect of aging that affects many people worldwide, and could possibly be averted by better dental health and the increased use of dentures.

Global Language Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Global Language Technologies - Essay ExampleThis is a method that has been used by Dell Computer Corp. also. The third client value offering is the product mix. GLT plans to offer all mobile communication devices, from cellular teleph singles to hand held devices and have accessories available. Customers who prefer one-stop shopping or variety would scrape up such product mixes valuable (Afuah and Tucci p 57 2000).11Global Language Technologies (GLT) is a fictitious come with dealing with E retailing of triune product lines emulating the mobile telecommunications industry through direct to consumer sales of mobile communication devices. Since the company deals with many and diverse products the inventory is huge both in terms of quantity as well as in terms of dollar value. The efforts are directed towards improving the supply chain process of the company by undertaking two major activities as followsGLT needs a system that could integrate all these resources in order to utilise e ach one of them most optimally. GLT is medium sized organisation. In the telecommunications industry, information systems have a strong impact on management of the organization. The exchange of information through email, telephone, and cyberspace means that management has a secondary requirement other than people management, it must adapt to new technology as well as piddle base rules for the transfer of information. Furthermore, management has a responsibility to train employees on technology usage and security as information systems become more complex. Haag et al (p 9 2005) describes information as being internal to the operation aspects of the facility external, as the environmental impact of outside forces objective as being cognize information subjective as descriptions of the unknowns. The information systems, being where the telecommunications industry stores customer, business and technological knowledge, needs to be managed to the different types of information availabl e. The influence of the

New Abortion Regulations in Virginia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New Abortion Regulations in Virginia - Essay ExampleStill, it has been common radiation pattern for Planned Parenthood to rally support among those who believe in pro-choice, to oppose measures that would require inspection of the organizations clinics or mandate health standard adherence. The argument has systematically been that following much(prenominal) unnecessary regulations would make abortions more costly for patients or perhaps even unavailable since m both of the clinics would be unable to adhere to such standards (MyLot). Even though abortions are controversial and many feel that they should be illegal altogether, abortion clinics should be regulated because abortions should be treated like any early(a) surgical procedure and the new law will protect women from an unhealthy and unclean environment.Abortion clinics should be regulated, just like any other medical facility. Prior to the new legislation in Virginia, clinics were allowed to soar under the radar, so to spea k. They were not subject to rigorous inspection. However, according to the Clinic Quotes Website, there have been a number of cases where a government official entered an abortion clinic, undercover, based on a tip received from an employee or patient, and have found clinics abusing their freedom.

PhIP can accurately identify known and previously unreported Coursework

PhIP throw out accurately identify known and previously unreported autoantigens - Coursework ExampleThe paper PhIP can accurately identify known and previously unreported autoantigens seeks to affirm the hypothesis that PhIP can accurately identify known and previously unreported autoantigens figure 3 shows seven figure that represent various experimental processes. Key technical issues in the program of work include the accurate and PhIP sequencing and T7 cloning, verifying and analyzing results from human samples with disparate consenting PND patients. Firstly the human protein and cDNA sequences available are downloaded from the database at build 35.1 of the human genome. Then this cDNA and the proteins are used to construct the library. This act involved the proteome wide library and the N/C terminal libraries that were PCR amplified as 23 independent pools with common primer sequences. This process was conducted in a controlled thermic profile. The polymerase chain reaction w as then digested and cloned into the T7FNS2 making numerous copies of each peptide.the cloning process involved the inserting a peptide in the required ORF sequence selected using rampart enzymes. This part is an a explanation of the processes involved in fig 3.d, g, f, c, e Patient A, B and C samples are collected from willing patients approved by relevant medical authorities. The samples of cerebrospinal fluids were kept at temperatures of - 80 degrees Celsius before being used. Before the collection of sample the patients have to undergo various neurologic evaluations before the samples.

Interpretation of financial statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interpretation of financial statement - Essay Example60% (2010) = (17,250,000) / 53,580,000 = 32.19% Debt to Equity proportionality Debt to Equity Ratio = Total Debt / Total Equity (2011) = (33,760,000) / 37,160,000 = 90.85% (2010) = (17,250,000) / 36,330,000 = 47.48% Interest Cover (TIE) Interest Cover = (Earnings before Interest and Taxes + Interest Expense) / Interest Expense (2011) = (12,920,000+ 2,000,000) / 2,000,000 = 7.46x (2010) = (16,905,000 + 1,700,000) / 1,700,000 = 10.94x gainfulness Ratios Gross Profit valuation account Gross Profit Margin = Gross Profit / Sales (2011) = 25,800,000 / 61,000,000 = 42.30% (2010) = 33,980,000 / 73,200,000 = 46.42% Operating Profit Margin Operating Profit Margin = Operating Profit / Sales (2011) = 14,920,000 / 61,000,000 = 24.46% (2010) = 18,605,000 / 73,200,000 = 25.42% Net Profit Margin Net Profit Margin = Net Profit / Sales (2011) = 7,320,000 / 61,000,000 = 12.00% (2010) = 9,578,000 / 73,200,000 = 13.08% throw on Assets requite on A ssets = Net Profit / Total Assets (2011) = 7,320,000 / 70,920,000 = 10.32% (2010) = 9,578,000 / 53,580,000 = 17.88% Return on Equity Return on Equity = Net Profit / Total Equity (2011) = 7,320,000 / 37,160,000 = 19.70% (2010) = 9,578,000 / 36,330,000 = 26.36% Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) Return on Capital Employed = (Earnings before Interest and Taxes/Capital Employed)* (2011) = 14,920,000/55,160,000 = 27.05% (2010) = 18,605,000/47,330,000 = 39.31% * Capital Employed = Total Assets Current Liabilities food market RATIOS Earnings per Share Earnings per Share = Net Profit / (Average no. of Outstanding shares) (2011) = 7,320,000 / (20,000,000) = ?0.37 (2010) = 9,578,000 / (18,000,000) =?0.53 Book Value per Share Book Value per Share = greens Equity / (Average no. of Outstanding shares) (2011) = 37,160,000 / (20,000,000) = ?1.86 (2010) = 36,330,000/ (18,000,000) =... BLS Ltd., manufacturer and supplier of customized furniture and fittings in the UK construction market has expand ed its opeproportionns in newer markets in recent times. The beau mondes performance improved significantly up till 2010 as the new management which took over in 1996 made strong decisions and adopted an cuddle based on quality and perseverance. However, analysis of the keep companys financial ratios suggests that its financial performance has deteriorated considerably during the last year.Liquidity Ratios The flow ratio of the company is in force(p) acceptable at 1.27. However this ratio has declined from 2.54 to 1.27. This is a worrying sign for the company as it implies that the company is just about covering its current assets with its current liabilities. In other words, the company is finding it much more difficult to meet its short term obligations now than a year ago (Besley et al. 2008). As a result, the working capital of the company has also decreased by a significant margin. Consequently, BLS Ltd.s liquidity position has also worsened. The decrease in Quick/Acid Tes t Ratio from 1.36 to 0.68 is also quite alarming. This ratio is obtained by removing inventories from the equation which are considered to be the least liquid of all assets. This ratio implies that the company is covering just around 68% of its liabilities. The chief reason for these changes is the increase in current liabilities by more than 100% as the company has expanded its activities.

Ethical Dilemmas in Law Enforcement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ethical Dilemmas in Law Enforcement - Essay ExampleEthical dilemmas often result in such situations making the constabulary officers rely on moral knowledge to determine their next step. Law enforcement ethics are codes of conduct or the expected behavior among jurisprudence enforcers. constabulary officers have two basic roles or expectation from the public and their employers. Firstly, natural law of nature officers are peacekeepers. This role requires them to be on the service of the public. On the other hand, police officers are law enforcers. This role requires them to be active in identifying and prosecuting lawbreakers. Peacekeeping and law enforcement are the basic duties of police officers in any country. However, it has been established that well-nigh police officers are more comfortable with peacekeeping or policing than law enforcement. The crash between law enforcement and society laws is the source of honourable dilemma in law enforcement. A police officer on pa trol will be faced with a dilemma on whether to take a reward for a minor traffic offense or to take the offender to court. Ethical dilemmas in law enforcement are directly related to lack of charm training for law enforcers. This essay will, therefore, analyze available literary productions and scholars who have contributed to the subject. The paper will also give a discussion on unalike categories of law enforcement dilemmas or situations that promote dilemma in law enforcement. ... Generally, most of the available literature tackles the issue from a law enforcement perspective with the intentions of establishing the conflicts between law enforcement and ethics. Another interesting issue tackled by most literature is whether ethics should be incorporated into police training. There has also been a growing dig over a classroom versus academy version of training for law enforcers. All these issues are captured by Pollock in his work on the ethical dilemma in law enforcement. An other discussion tackled by the same scholar is whether ethical training for law enforcers should be carried out during the recruitment member or it should be conducted as an in-service training. Pollock argues that ethical dilemma in law enforcement would take a different dimension if the training mechanism of law enforcers is changed. Finally, the author suggests that cases of ethical dilemma in law enforcement can be minimized by increasing in-service training. Kleinig (1990) is also among the authors who have greatly contributed to the existing literature on an ethical dilemma in law enforcement. In his article Teaching and Learning Police Ethics that was published in the Journal of brutal Justice, Kleinig begins by stating that ethics are relevant to law enforcers. In this article, Kleinig identifies various factors that cause a dilemma in law enforcement. Kleinig goes on to classify these factors into police authority, police expectations, peer pressure, the crisis within a situation, temptation, and imperfect nature of humanity. The article goes on to explain various elements in police training program and their consequence in the ordinary role of a law enforcer.

Individual Proposal to Change or Add a Policy, or Create New Business Research Paper

Individual Proposal to Change or Add a Policy, or Create New Business - Research Paper usageThe virtual system would also promise high levels of productivity for employees by digitalizing all information. There are a thousand stores and shops out there that go lucrative brands and special offers but you need to highlight your strategy of sit back in your chair and shop for groceries concept. Background The globe is changing at a fast scale and everything is contracting into one with the advancement in science and technology. We have already seen the venture and game of mobile companies creating virtual markets for their occupation shoppers and brand addicts. There is a great socio and economic tornado that is sweeping the world to conform to the latest trends of technology and it. In such a scenario the fear environment is becoming highly competitive and to gain competitive advantage it is necessary to go online. Now is the ear of Information and technology change and consumers has take so intelligent and market sensitive that brining innovation is essential to survive in the competitive landscape (Reiss, 2012 ). Problem The problem with this policy is that it requires a grand organizational change. The change of culture, operations and systems may need to be brought at massive scale. The workforce may have to be downsized and the remaining workforce need to be prepared for the change. Special trainers need to be hired to train the existing staff. The shift from a traditional system to a virtual one may take a considerable amount of time (Reiss, 2012 ). Intro section outline Need for- Special trainers Change managers Equipment Web developers Analyst heed information system softwares Security managers High tech computer systems Benefits- Eventually lower cost of warehousing Inventory management and accountability can be easily monitored Stand as a competitive advantage in the retail industry Increase productivity Motivate young staff and dominance cand idates to be a part of the organization Increase sales and profits Cut down storage warehouses Less staff to manage and pay Less dependency on efficiency of human capital Methods First of all it is necessary to create a business plan. Hiring an MBA is very essential for that. Calculate all be of getting into the venture and sustaining it. Set out the objectives of the change policy and start implementing the business plan. Assign the project to a project manager. Purchase a field of study name for your website and also get return and overhead charges permit from the government and create a website. Establish different paying systems, get associated with renowned banks for easy payment transfers for goods. One you have developed the website, hire a set of people to maintain all systems and keep all information co ordinate. The warehouse software, recruiting, sales order, delivery softwares all should be aligned together for co-ordination of information. Monitor the content being displayed and focus heavily on advertising the new dash that you are introducing. Highlight the convenience factor and market your store like anything and hit all possible virtual markets for example social networking sites. Hire a maintenance and security team to look into the security aspect of your business. The use of digital dash boards and workforce management systems can help in supervise and evaluating performance before and after the change (Reiss, 2012 ). Qualifications The person

Things which are Important in Our Lives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Things which are Important in Our Lives - Essay ExampleThe ways that things make our lives to a greater extent comfortable are countless. From the moment we wake up until we sleep, things are there make our lives easier. We sleep on a thing called the bed and wakes up with the alarm of another thing called alarm clock. Our breakfast would not have been prepared if not the convenience of cooking things in the kitchen. When we prepare ourselves either for school or lay down, things are again present for us. We dress in clothes appropriate for us and go to school or work in another form of thing which is a car. Even our place of work school is filled with things. In school, computers make studying easier especially the mesh. Our daily lives are basically filled with things to make it convenient for us.Things also enable us to do a lot of things which otherwise would have been difficult to do without those things. I can concretely cite the example of a computer and internet without whi ch studying and doing research would have been very difficult. If I have to do a term paper, I will have to physically go to the depository library and scour through the catalogs before finding the books and magazine that I need for research. After finding those materials that I need, I have to borrow them physically or copy the text if I am not allowed to bring the books at home. I would have to laboriously go all through them which will realize a lot of time and effort. And even writing the report would require a great deal of effort because I have to manually guinea pig them. The thing called computer and internet releases me from those burdens and allow me to study better. I can scour through books and journals and other articles right in the comfort of my home. This is faster and more convenient. The information I can find using the computer and the internet in minutes may take me hours if I will do it physically in the library.

The Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara - Essay ExampleThe story The Lesson, by Toni Cade Bambara elucidates the situations of trials and tribulations in the life of blacks. What a contrast of life in different separate of the same city The type of hardships undergone by Sylvia and her friends in the slums of New York, the type of environment they were brought up and the glaring imbalance as compared to the ambience of the Fifth route can lead to two types of reactions. One is the black children may be fired with ambition to excel in life, improve their economic prospectus and gain the rewards comparable to life in the Fifth Avenue. The other could be one of jealously and revenge. Evaluate the reaction of Sugar, an innocent child who says, You know, Miss Moore, I dont speak up all of us here put together eat in a year what that sailboat costs.(cai.ucdavis.edu) This is the pointer to the standard of life of the black children. Bambara creates moving story how a college educated black woma n arrives at the slum neighborhood on weekends and takes the children to a sort of picnic to posh areas like Manhattan. From the measure the children leave from their slums until they return home, what are their feelings after being exposed to richness and luxury? How disturbed could be their emotional world comparing own predicament and the affluence they saw throughout the day? How disturbed could be their emotional world comparing own plight and the affluence they saw throughout the day? The plot of the story is simple, but the philosophy behind it is profound.

Simple Problem Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Simple Problem - Article Exampleth the hurl, the bathtub for bathing the mold, towel for teetotaling the cat, shampoo for rinse out the dirt from the cat, cat bath seat for placing the cat during the bath, dryer for dry the cat finally after towel use, comb for smoothing down the cats hair, fragranced powder for keeping a pleasant fragrance on the cat after the bath, and a healthy environment for ensuring that the bath is carried out at a suitable location that is healthy for pets in terms of water etc.In this process of bathing pubescent, the first feeling is to bring the cat seat and arrange it in the bathtub in a comfortable position. The second step is to sprinkle some water on the cat in order to prepare it for the bath. The next step in this process is to apply the shampoo on the cat and to ensure that its body is covered well with the shampoo. In the fourth step, we need to wash the cat well with water until there the shampoo completely left its body. The fifth step is t o prepare the towel to dry off the cat. The next step is to dry the cat with a dryer in order to make sure that its body is completely dry. The seventh step is to comb the cats fur and the eighth and the last step is to apply fragranced powder on the cat.As it is fundamental to make sure that Fluffy receives a very good bath, it is important to plan an effective test which guarantees the objective fulfilled effectively. Therefore, I impart start the entire process by making a plan in order to make sure that a successful cat bath has been done. First of all, the equipments to be used in the process of bathing the cat will be well documented and the pricing for each piece will be listed. Together with it, I will also document where I to get all these important equipments from. Next, I will record the steps involved in the process of bathing the cat. later designing this plan, I will divide the work equally based on who will best help me in bathing the cat and in getting the equipmen ts at the right time. It will also be

Human Resource Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Resource Management - Research Paper ExampleAccording to Armstrong (2008), with the compilation of the tasks to the human resource division, the scope has also enhance hiring, training, etc. all have come well under the umbrella of human resource department. One of the most challenging tasks for human resource department today is the fact that workforce within organization comprises of cross-national individuals i.e. people coming from various backgrounds, cultures, countries, etc.This essay is about how the demographics of a workforce are changing or have changed over a period of last decade or so i.e. identifying the trends and how it poses a threat or otherwise, implying to the human resource management. The future(a) section is about the trends occurring and witnessed amongst the demographics of the workforce at a global scale.The attempt of making the world a global village, in accordance with Mathis (2007), has brought about a lot of changes in the global landscape pa rticularly there has been a rising trend amongst individuals wanting to move away from their home country in an attempt for enhanced earning, improved life style, and increasing the quality of living for their families in their own regions. As a complement to the same, organizations have also initiated the political platform of cross boundary hiring, with their own reasons to follow.Firstly, as stated by Bateman (2010) having cross boundary hiring is expensive, which is the downturn of the same however, in the long run, it is cheaper primarily because in thirdly world countries, very talented human resources are very cheap and easily available. Consider the live example whereby employment posts are held mainly by Asians in countries offering bright prospect of jobs such as UK, US and the Middle East here individuals get good earnings, mainly due to the bullion differential, they earn a lot more then they can do in their home town, and

GSA Wants You Federal Contracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

GSA Wants You Federal pores - Essay ExampleThe system uses the most young digital authentication technology to allow for electronic signatures and cater for data integrity. Advantages of Electronic over Classic paper Solicitations 1. Data security The electronic cognitive operation ensures that the proposals are submit exactly as the contractors write them without unnecessary modification of information. It alike ensures that the proposals are delivered directly to the responsible personnel without being passed through former(a) parties. This eliminates the possibility of alteration of the content or loss of the proposals in the answer of transportation (Brian, 2003). Unlike the paper process, which is subject to many-party handling and then providing opportunities for malicious neutering of data, data security is assured. Paper process entails impairing with the interactive environment since the intended information from the original source may not go the intended personnel. 2. facilitate of Applying There is software that enables one to complete these proposals easily with tools providing hint on what is required from the proposal. This helps one to provide the necessary information without much struggle. The software also helps one to look for errors easily and correct them in order to forward an understandable proposal. This is because the proposal must entail clear information and hence the process becomes easier since there is no room for assumptions. To some ambiguous phrases, it is essential that drafting of all the work is done and typed manually to create ease for one to acknowledge any errors especially when the proposal is not using a good software. In addition, there is high possibility of leaving important information since the altogether process is imagined (Safari Books, 2009). This would lead to impaired communication since the solicitation while have to be returned for completion of the required information and clarification of some ambiguous phrases. 3. warm Delivery The submitting of the proposals is done online hence it takes very little time for the proposals to reach the targeted destinations after they have been submitted. This ensures fast interaction between the contractor and the prospective contractors hence leading to faster decision making process unlike the classic paper solicitations which have to be submitted manually hence taking a hoi polloi of time to communicate. 4. Ease of reviewing later the proposals have been sent to the GSA, it may be returned for correction or clarification on matters concerning responsibility, responsiveness, scope, subcontracting plan or pricing analysis. After the proposal is reviewed and in some cases returned, the electronic system offers an easy way for editing and adding the relevant information. Editing the original proposal is easier than the paper process whereby the satisfying document has to be retyped in order to allow addition of information and also p rinted again for resubmission. 5. Economical Compared to the paper process, the electronic submission is more scotch in terms of space and funds. This is because it cuts down the printing costs and unnecessary occupation of space for filing documents since the proposals are stored in their computer databases. 6. Duration of Contract There should be negotiations about the period of the contract to make sure that the period allows my company to stabilize. The process must allow the company in its operations and recover from any losses it may have incurred during the

Woman in Yoruba Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Woman in Yoruba - Research Paper ExampleThis cunning included the use of wood, clay, stone, ivory, bronze, copper, and brass as material for these visual art works.Provenance in African arts is often hard to prove. This is the same grounds in Yoruba art where the mechanic is not clearly identified as the author of that art work. Concepts of authenticity in African art is different by virtue of the African concept of ownership the owner of that art work is the person who ordered or commissioned an art work and not the artist himself. This is further compounded by the fairly recent commodification of African art (Stokes, 1999 10). Many art objects were sold and re-sold to different private individuals and museums as result. It is not move that quite often, real authorship is lost and very hard to trace indeed.Hints in public knowledge of the real author of an art work whitethorn impinge on the owner in terms of prestige, power, and success in the public persona arena (ibid.). This is why most of Yoruba art hardly reflects on the real authorship but rather emphasizes the ownership of it. One aspect of Yoruba art that is very prominent is the use of art works in religious worship. A number of Yoruba art works reflect the ritualistic traditions among the people and an art work shown as an example here is good symbolism of the primeval role of religion (see Fig. 1).Women in Yoruba society occupy an important role. Although most scholarly literature points to a male-dominated society, this is not the case as validated by their works of art. The women in Yoruba have acquired divine authority as shown in the arts (Abiodun, 19892). It is a significant deviation from the common misconceptions of male dominance. The women as portrayed in Yoruba art are almost always calm, dignified, and possessed of divine powers. In Yoruba art, women are accorded as powerful but also as subordinates (Olajubu, 2003105).The meat of most Yoruba art is to

Nicki minaj and Michael Jackson Essay Example for Free

Nicki minaj and Michael capital of Mississippi EssayThe Jackson 5 (also spelled The Jackson Five, sometimes stylized The Jackson 5ive), later kn experience as The Jacksons, or simply Jacksons, are an American popular music family group from Gary, Indiana. Founding group members Jackie Jackson, Tito Jackson, Jermaine Jackson, Marlon Jackson and Michael Jackson formed the group after performing in an early incarnation called The Jackson Brothers, which originally consisted of a trio of the three older brothers. agile from 1964 to 1990, the Jacksons played from a repertoire of RB, soul, pop and (in the 1970s) disco. During their six-and-a-half-year Motown tenure, The Jackson 5 was maven of the biggest pop-music acts of the 1970s, and the band served as the launching pad for the solo careers of their lead singers Jermaine and Michael, the latter brother later transforming his early Motown solo fame into greater success as an adult artisan. The Jackson 5/The Jacksons have sold 10 0 million records worldwide, making them one of the best selling artists of all timeNicki minajBorn in 1982, Nicki Minaj grew up with an abusive, addicted father. She attended La Guardia High School for the Arts, she was introduced to rapper Lil Wayne, who launched her career. Her 2010 debut album, go friday,wit the single Your Love, topped the Billboard charts. A frequent cameo singer, Minajs voice was featured in seven songs on the charts. In 2012, Early Life Hip-hop artist and singer Nicki Minaj was born Onika Maraj on December 8, 1982, in Trinidad and Tobago, and moved with her family to Queens, when she was 5 years old. Minajs father was a severe drug addict with a retentive history of violence. At one point, he set fire to the familys home and tried to kill Minajs mother.Those early struggles, Minaj has said, helped fuel her drive to rise above the biography her parents knew. Ive always had this female-empowerment thing in the back of my mind, she told Details magazine, bec ause I wanted my mother to be stronger, and she couldnt be. I thought, If Im successful, I can change her life. To reach that point, however, nicki unquestionable personas for herself that would allow her to be a new person. An early incarnation was someone she called Cookie, then came Harajuku Barbie, before finally settling on Nicki Minaj. Fantasy was my reality, she has said. Minaj clearly had a knack for performance. At the age of 12, she authored her first rap, then went on to delve into acting at La Guardia High School of Music and Art, the school that animate the movie Fame. Rapper and SingerDetermined to make it in the music business, Minaj took on backup singing roles for local New York City rappers. Soon, she began writing her own material. She was eventually discovered by Dirty Money CEO Fendi, who came across Minajs MySpace page, loved what he heard, and immediately signed her to his label. That connection led Minaj to Lil Wayne, who collaborated with her on a series o f mix tapes, the first of which, Playtime is Over, was released in April 2007. The recording, and subsequent mixed tapes, showcased Minajs female swagger and out-front style. By early 2010, considerable anticipation had built up around Minajs much discussed, much covered debut album, which was scheduled for release that fall. In April of that year, she released her first single, Massive Attack. Two months later she won Best blame Female at the annual BET Awards. She dedicated the award to Lil Wayne.she later became an America idol jugde.

Demon and Fact Faustus Essay Example for Free

Demon and Fact Faustus EssayMephistopheles varies greatly in his attitude towards Faustus, sometimes seemingly offering support and instruction while others acting in a dismissive, even disdainful manner. Throughout, Faustus is manipulated into fulfilling Mephistopheles own goals, yet the bewitching fiend succeeds in giving him the belief that he wants to do these things himself whether or not he is beingness guided, albeit rather forcefully, there. Nonetheless it system to be seen if this is a reflection of the deceitfulness from the devils servant or rather the failing and arrogance shown by Faustus. Faustus appears vulnerable and nave upon conjuring for the first time, pathetic fallacy adding to the sombre mood, as gloomy shadow(s) everywherecast the scene, obscuring what is about to happen, leaving the interview in the dark and instilling a sense of terror. Therefore when Mephistopheles appears as a devil it is presumably by fear that Faustus describes him as too nause ating such is the heightened sense of tension and feeling of the sublime he experiences. As opposed to reacting to Faustus needs Mephistopheles immediately gains control and begins surreptitiously asserting his dominance over him, taking advantage of the fact Faustus is clearly out of his depth, and resorting to imperatives, commanding Mephistopheles to speak hinting that desperation is st arting to creep in.Throughout the play it appears as though Mephistopheles is praying on Faustus weaknesses, identifying his aspiring pride as a pressure point and luring him towards the idea of becoming the sole king of all the earth. Once overcome with the thought of being a great emperor Faustus is obviously convinced that selling his soul is the best option he has and appears to disregard any rational logic, allowing Mephistopheles to sit spine but issuing short replies like I will in return to the overly ambitious notions filling Faustus egotistical head. Faustus deprivation of control is merely furthered when his own appetite gets the better of him leading to Mephistopheles threatening to go back to hell forcing Faustus to implore with him not to leave furthermore signalling his reliance on him to really carry out all his frivolous desires. The com annunciate of being offered greater things proves too much for Faustus aspassion overcomes reason, which Mephistopheles is keen to distance them from, creating stark opponent and providing further evidence that he is involuntary to manipulate Faustus through his vulnerabilities, regardless of what emotions this will invoke in the mere mortal himself.In addition to promise bringing whirlwinds, tempests, thunder and lightning under the control of Faustus, Mephistopheles also immediately senses whenever there is slight doubt in his subject, quickly bombarding him with fantasises to delight his mind and turn his prudence away from any concept of repentance. This eagerness to persistently tempt Faustus towards hell ever y time he wavers slightly suggests a driven character, supported through his own claims that he would do anything to obtain his soul no matter the cost, showcasing a lack of care or sympathy towards the difficult situation Faustus finds himself in. This only serves to further the level of deception and pretence when Mephistopheles calls on Faustus to stab thine arm courageously resorting to flattery to get his own way, knowing that Faustus ego will intimately succumb to being complimented and raised above others.However in direct contrast, Mephistopheles shows hes not afraid to resort to intimidation, reporting hell hath no limits such is the render of the devil, one should know not to cross him as under the heavens the lines blur and the liminal becomes ever more apparent, this bold claim undoubtedly a surprise one in front of a contemporary audience wherein religion was distinct in its boundaries hell and heaven two entirely different entities. later on a relatively straight forward process of persuasion Mephistopheles gains Faustus soul, leading to an apparent change in attitude from Mephistopheles more bold in his simulated military operation he openly denies Faustus his wishes, instead questioning his stupidity and chastising him by warning him to talk not of a wife but rather concentrate on aspects of life he himself deems relevant.Faustus pitiful cry at the end of scene 5 suggests that already he realises the drastic mistake hes made and that thou art deceived by the dishonest Mephistopheles, leaving the audience to feel slight sadness for the misplaced trust he possessed. Nevertheless while this seems tragic one cannot repress the suggestion that Faustus was only guided down a path hedesired all along and that he convinces himself to be resolute and show willing to commit the most heinous of crimes such as offer luke-warm blood of new-born babies an awful taboo that highlights just how far he will go in order to quench his thirst for power an d fame.In turn, this advocates Mephistopheles as more of a bystander than initially thought and while he is unequivocally determined in gaining more souls to enlarge his kingdom, he remains open about this throughout, instead of being sly and secretive. Therefore it can be considered that Faustus is in no strength to call Mephistopheles a bewitching fiend such are the failings of his own character. He is the one who condemns himself through his over ambition at becoming a conjuror laureate and arrogance in believing that he has tamed Mephistopheles and made him obedient. Whereas Mephistopheles only points him in the right direction and technically always remains under his command, bringing him a hot whore for a wife, while unsatisfactory is still fulfilling the parameters of Faustus self-indulgent wish.Despite this obedience towards his supposed master, Mephistopheles can by all odds be considered a bewitching fiend due to his ability to lure Faustus into making the decisions that Mephistopheles himself wanted and the drive he holds in forcing the deal through to the end. furthermore his lack of concern towards his own conjuror is revealing, joking tut I warrant thee in reaction to Faustus recognition he has done wrong, displaying both a lack of remorse and also a smugness that he has succeeded in accomplishing Lucifers plan.

Importance of Command Essay Example for Free

Importance of Command EssayThe chain of bid is an heavy structure in the array. First it aloneows problem to be handled at the lowest level possible in the require. If a military psychenel has a problem he would go to his NCO first before going to their SCNOs or Commander this management he isnt stepping on peoples feet and everyone is aware of the function so they can get it fixed. You also defecate to destine of it in a war situation. If there was no chain of ascendancy then everyone would think they are in charge.If an NCO tells a private to go do this, then the private knows to just go do it. If there was no chain of command then the private would probably try and tell the NCO off and then he will probably end up getting shot by the enemy. You work your way through the chain of command by rank and experience. This is why no one is going to question an order coming from individual higher ranking with more experience. As well as if the person believes that their situation call for to be addressed and executes the wrong decision then what more can that person do?Everyone learns through their mistakes and no one is perfect in this world, but with a bad situation comes with bad judgment and overleap of decision making. In the civilian world they also use Chain of Command as well for example, most organizations sport an established chain of command that is essential for effective management, accountability, and a strong means of operation. Whether its because individuals now have higher expectations or perhaps it is simply out of force of habit, mevery of us want to go right to the top with our complaints.In terms of fairness and efficiency, this is not appropriate for their athlete programs as it creates the necessity for an established chain of command. As a leader, you must start by educating everyone on the significance of your chain of command. You can do this in a variety of ways to give the person in need of dire help ready for anyth ing. We initially cover the chain of command in boot camp when a recruit needs to use the luff or needs to go to medical for any apparent reason.Because of the strong swear from our Chain of Command and our efforts to educate and communicate and have high expectations, most new military personnel observe the neglect as if no one cares for them. For this they need to be supportive to them and give them that auspices that everything is getting handled as fast as they can, as a result this will significantly decrease the number of complaints and any further problems that may expire or rise.In any situation the NCOs will tell the lower rank have you mentioned this to anyone or how long has this problem been going on. In any form of situation regardless if they brought it up or not, the chain of command needs to be properly used in order for the personnel not to get in any trouble. Back to summarizing boot camp while the recruits were in the depot they arent used to being yelled at o r being bossed around like if they werent anything but as the days went on they grew accustomed to the new procedures that they were doing.Whatever the reason they needed to talk to the employment Instructor, they went and knocked at the hatch of their doors and said the correct phrase and correct greeting of the day. After being heard they would ask the Drill Instructor if they could use the head or go to medical or go to dental or if they have any financial issues rump abode or had to go the bevel or post office for any reason. It not exclusively starts while youre in boot camp but as being back home when you were still a civilian.When you need some(prenominal)thing you were still using your chain of command with your parents, depending which one was more soft or tough on you thats the person you would go talk to about whatever you needed or wanted. For example, if you needed gas money or a ride to the movies you would ask your parents, could have been your mother you ask be cause she could be the soft one that would allow you to go or give you money of any kind. As a result not only do we use chain of command in the military but we used it back home and never realized it until you enlist in the military and experience it yourself.Leadership, accountability, efficiency, morale, and a sense of order all depend upon your chain of command. Why it is important to follow proper instruction procedures in the military is for many reasons. As military personnel, it is our responsibility to not only follow instruction/orders, but to execute the command. Not following orders can result into consequences not only for the personnel whom committed not following instructions, but also it can put others at risk too.Like your NCO in charge of you, to your group Leader, to your Platoon Sergeant, to your 1st Sergeant, to your Company Commander, to your Brigade Commander, and so on. Not only can your NCO in charge of you, your Team Leader, your Platoon Sergeant, your 1st Sergeant, your Company Commander, and your Brigade Commander could all get into trouble for your actions of not following direct instructions/orders. But some may lose rank in the process including the personnel whom didnt follow the specific instructions/orders giving by a personnel higher rank than those individual personnel.Also when you are down range deployed to Iraq, Afghanistan, atomic number 7 Korea, and other combat places we have our units fighting the war at, not only can a personnel lose rank but in accompaniment not following directions/orders you could get a personnel fighting alongside of you in the war killed in combat but you as well. Try to develop to a spouse, or a mother and father, better yet the personnel kids that the reason why your parent, father or mother isnt coming home to see you is because you failed to follow proper instructions/ orders giving to you and that is why your parent father or mother isnt coming home to you.Not only is it important to fo llow instructions/orders, but you as the military personnel could lose rank. The purpose of the Chain of Command is to install structure, discipline and respect into newer enlisted military personnel. Each branch has its own secretary that assigns forces under their jurisdictions to unify and specific commanders they perform missions and herald back to their chain of command. The chain of command starts with the Commander-in-Chief (the U.S. President) and works its way down to the lowest ranking private in the Army, Navy or Marine Corps. Within the military, the chain of command is a method for leading and communicating. In addition to being a chain of command within the officer ranks, one of the main purposes of the chain of command is to be the back bone of the NCO support channel. The discipline and order that the every branch maintains is what makes their branch the strongest in the world.From the moment you raise your hand and join the military you do as you are instructed at any time to complete any mission during the time allotted, once completed whoever at the time has to report back to the Chain of Command. The chain of command is extremely important. The importance of the chain of command is that it provides stability inside the work place for when incidents come about that need to be dealt with it sets up the structure for which you report all good and bad thing accidents, mistakes, tardiness, and anything that can allow the mission of the day to be slowed down.All incidents in essence are intended to be dealt with on the lowest level before it is brought up to highest personnel as well as other reasons such as it helps build leadership, responsibility and common knowledge of how to run a stable work place. Such as the leadership aspect it helps people who are or would not normally be able to take control of situations and control how things are ran they can take control and help whoever it is with the problem When it works well. When it doesnt wo rk right, leadership is ineffective and some personnel end up doing other peoples jobs for them.

On First Looking Into Chapmans Homer

On First aspect Into Chapmans markJohn Keats On First Looking into Chapmans homing pigeon is a sonnet in which he writes of the impact of reading Chapmans shift of Homer. Reading Chapmans Homer did more than spark Keats intellect. Chapmans Homer ca enjoymentd a massive explosion in Keats mind which allowed him to write as John Middleton Murray says one of the finest sonnets in the English language (Murray). In this paper I will show that Keats writes the poem On First Looking into Chapmans Homer after he had an epiphany as a result of reading Chapmans translation of Homer.George Chapman was an English poet, dramatist, and translator during the Renaissance. He is most remembered as the poet who translated the works of Homer. He was born(p) in Hitchin around 1559. Chapman died in p everywherety in 1634, but left a wealthy estate of writing for all to inherit.John Keats, born in 1795, was an English Poet. He published three books of poetry. Keats lost both pargonnts at a very young age. Keats was non born into aristocracy, he was not rich, and thusly was not very well educated. Most critics did not consider Keats to be credible poet. Because he was poor he could not marry the woman he loved and only achieved fame after his death in 1821. Andrew Motion of the Richmond Review writes The story of John Keats is one of the best known lives in literary history. His working class origins, poor critical reception and tragically early death constitute a perfect blueprint for a popular original of the Romantic Poet (Motion).The poem On Looking into Chapmans Homer was written after Keats and his friend Charles Cowden Clarke was given a copy of Chapmans Homer. Michael R. Richards states Keatss sonnet is a criticism in miniature, a capsulated criticism very much in tune with almost all the Romantic critics (Richards). Evidently, Keats used the poem as a fomite to reveal the hidden treasure of literary wealth regarding Homer and his literary works that was not mimed by P ope.Keats uses the Italian (Sonnet) or Petrarchan form of the sonnet to convolve his poem. The octet, which is the first eight lines of the poem, carries an abba abba rhyme scheme. The next six lines of the poem, the sestet, have a rhyme scheme of cdcdcd. As expected, line 9 of the poem introduces a transmute in the poem, formally known as a Volta, commonly called a turn. In the octet, Keats speaks of travels he experienced vicariously through his reading. Keats vivid imagination allows him to encrypt into the pages of the books and the terminology were as sparks causing his intellect to catch fire. In concert with the theme of Petrarchan sonnets, Keats uses the octet to introduce the problem when he writes oftentimes of one wide expanse had I been told / That deep-browd Homer ruled as his demesne / Yet did I never breathe its pure quiet / cashbox I perceive Chapman speak out loud and bold. (5-8)First, it is fitting to look at the words used in the poem. Keats uses language that depicts expansive travel, major discovery, and an enriching sense of satis incidention. Using words like much, states, kingdoms, many, and islands, he successfully communicates that his travel was plentiful and varied. Next, he intimates discovery by alluding to astrologers finding unfer handsted planets, and the imagery of Cortez first seeing the peaceable Ocean. Keats encapsulates the fact that he had heard of Homer and the euphoria of the vast impact of the newly acquired insight by declaringYet did I never breathe its pure serene / Till I heard Chapman speak out loud and bold / Then tangle I like some watcher of the skies / when a new planet swims into his ken/ or like Stout Cortez when with eagle eyes / he stard at the Pacific. (6-11)Keats reading experiences in general, and more his specifically, reading of Chapmans Homer was so prolific, that he could only describe it in the sestet with metaphors and fables that bespeak grandeur of expanse, height and depth. The over arching metaphor is reading presented as travel. Hiliary S. Brautigam, in her essay, Controlled Passion writes Keats dramatically establishes the tarradiddle with the arresting first line, drawing the reader into the overarching metaphor that encompasses the poem (Bressler). A surface reading of the poem misleads the reader into believing that Keats is a man who has travelled to many locations. Keats writesMuch have I travelld in the realms of gold / And many goodly states andkingdoms seen. / Round many western islands have been / Which bards in fealty to Apollo hold. (1-4)A closer inspection of the poem reveals that the word much quantifies travel that was done figuratively and not literally. So in this instance there is a twist of irony and there is also the masterful use of binary opposition whereby much is less in hurt of Keats actual travel, but it is volumes in terms of travel through reading. The same mastery holds true for the concept of travel. As delimit by Dictionary.C om to travel is to move or go from one place or point to an some other(Dictionary.com). Denotatively, the word travel means moving between physical spaces however, in Keats case, travel is not between physical spaces, but is over miles on mental projection. While Keats hero, Homer, though blind, travelled extensively, the vast majority of Keats travel was in the space of his reading.The further use of simile and metaphor makes an beautiful segue for Keats use of imagery. Keats writes Then mat up I like some watcher of the skies / When a new planet swims into his ken / Or like uncompromising Cortez when with eagle eyes / He stard at the Pacific and all his men (9-12). The simile watcher of the skies speaks of people who studied the science of astronomy. In the historical context, watchers of the skies or, astrologers are people who studied the skies. According to Chris Lawton, From around 3000 BC onwards, astronomy in its most primitive form had developed (Lawton). In the religio us context, watchers of the skies were called Egyptian Magi, keen-witted men, who were able to look at the skies and gain the knowledge and wisdom to predict events. The religious value of Magi can be found throughout the Holy Bible. For example, Matthew, in Matthew 21, 7 writes Now when Jesus was born there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem Then Herod enquired of them diligently what sentence the star appeared (Matthew). Thus, Keats say-so that he felt like a watcher of the skies strongly implies the degree of wonder and amazement he felt when reading Chapmans translation of Homer. It was, for Keats, as though he became mindful of a celestial event.Interestingly, the human action of the poem On First Looking into Chapmans Homer the emphasis on Chapmans Homer alludes to the fact that Keats was aware of the interpretation of Homer as translated by the English Poet, Alexander Pope. Michael Richards writes Keats had been previously acquainted with Homer, only through Popes translations, translations that Keats found artificial (Richards). Further, Richards claimsThe Romantics criticisms of Pope and Chapman agreed with Keats in that it condemns the flaccidity, the polluted poetical diction, and the artificiality of Popes translation and praised the forte, purity, and originality of Chapmans (Richards).Until Keats read the translation by George Chapman, there was no awakening in him. Furthermore, the use of the word looking in the title employs irony and imagery masterfully. According to Dictionary.Com look may be defined as to investigate to see(Dictionary.Com). It is fair to conclude that Keats reading and understanding of Chapmans Homer was so thorough that Keats could see by visualization the events, places, and people in Chapmans translation.In addition, the overarching themes of travel and discovery may very well be complimented by a theme of enlightenment or awakening. Through a theme of enlightenment or awakening, it may be argued that when K eats read Chapmans Homer, it was not the first time that Keats had heard of Homer however, it was the first time that the life, legacy, and literary contributions of Homer united with the literary experiences and convictions of Keats, giving birth to a synergistic awakening which unleashed Keats creativity. Keats declaration of interview Chapman speak out loud and bold is the climatic moment when he felt and understood the power of Chapmans translation. Keats believes that Chapman illuminated Homer better than any other poet.The Sestet of the poem shows an overpowering word picture. There is a picture of bewildering excitement, star-struck awe, and fulfilling silence, much like a lover anticipating a climax, then experiencing the climax, and after the climax, dropping into a breathless, trance-like fulfilled silence. Keats writesThen felt I like some watcher of the skies / When a new planet swims into his ken / Or like dauntless Cortez when with eagle eyes / He stard at the Pacifi cand all his men Lookd at each other with a wild surmise / Silent, upon a peak in Darien. (9-14)As is expected of Italian Sonnets, there is a clear denouement in the sestet.The depictions of Cortez as stout and eagle-eyed are additional and effective uses of simile and metaphor that enhances the imagery. The word stout commonly evokes physical images of being hefty, round, bulky or fat. But, coupled with the expression eagle-eye, it most likely identifies with this interpretation as defined by Dictionary.Com having endurance or staying power (Dictionary.com). It is a widely known fact that the vision of eagles is superior to that of humans. While lauding the superior vision of Cortez to identify the Pacific Ocean, Keats also shows the precision with which he scoured Chapmans interpretation. Thus, by combining stout with eagle-eye, the poem highlights the strength, stamina and precision of not only Cortez but also that of Keats. The allusions to strength and stamina bolsters Keats st rong use of metaphors, simile, and imagery. The strength of these literary elements is testament to Keats belief that Chapmans Homer is superior to that of Popes. In the poem, Keats atttributes the discovery of the Pacific Ocean to Cortez and not Balboa. It is not clear whether Keatss attribution was as a result of a careless scholastic approach, or, whether the attribution was as a result of the deliberate use of poetic conceit which is using extended metaphors to create an image. What is crystal clear though, is the fact that with diction, imagery, the use metaphor and simile, and the application of binary oppositions and irony, Keats allows the reader to envision how he felt when the life and works of Homer as offered by Chapman touched his pysche.The impact of Chapmans Homer complimented Keats historical, social and political perspectives. In October 1816 during the Romanic Era Keats penned On First Looking into Chapmans Homer. As was fitting during the Romantic Era, Keats glori fied Homer in the poem. Of course, in the neoclassic era, Homers individual heroism would be frowned upon, since neoclassics preferred people who conformed to social norms. same Homer, Keats elevates the art of using metaphors. Again, Like Homer, Keats also combines the art of using simile and metaphor to bring to life a literary work that might differently be mundane. Here is a comparison of how Homer and Keats combined similes and metaphors. Homer writes The two immortals stepped briskly as wild doves, quivering, keen to defend the fighting men of Argos. (Fagles)Keats writes Then felt I like some watcher of the skies / When a new planet swims into his ken (9-10). It is evident that Keats discovered the value of Homers use of metaphors and like a shot made use of this powerful literary tool.In summation, I submit that Keats ability as a poet and his understanding of the purpose and elements of Poetry, in particular, imagery, simile and metaphors were wake up by Chapman because Chapman captured the essence of using similes, metaphors, and imagery and gave life to writing to the highest degree Homer. Apparently, after observing Chapmans use of metaphor and gaining a deeper understanding of the power of the use of metaphor and simile, Keats appreciation for them as literary elements grew. Based on his newfound understanding, it is possible to assert that Keats view of Homer, as seen through the scope of Popes translation appeared tumultuous. However, Chapmans translation depicted a much clearer view of a man whose territory is serene. Chapmans translation was the catalyst for Keats climatic epiphany. Keats was able to clearly articulate how he felt before reading Chapmans Homer and how he felt after reading Chapmans Homer. The excitement felt by Keats as he discovered new truths about Homer and his work, is one that is shared and should be shared by any person seeking higher learner. John Keats so brilliantly and effectively conveyed the emotions he felt as he uncovered the dynamics of Homer that readers of the poem are drawn into the excitement of travel and discovery metaphorically. The imagery of Keats first as a poet who is reading for knowledge, then as an astronomer gazing into new truths, and finally as a explorer realizing that he had discovered a new populace of literary skill was very vivid. The impact of Keatss discovery fueled him to demonstrate the skill and document the experience. As a result future students, poets, writers, translators, interpreters, and lovers of the literary public have a good specimen of the effectiveness of imagery, simile, and metaphor. The words of Keats following below are a fitting conclusion to his discovery of power of the metaphor. Keats writes Oft of one wide expanse had I been told / That deep-browd Homer ruled as his demesne / Yet did I never breathe its pure serene / Till I heard Chapman speak out loud and bold.WORK CITEDBressler, Charles E. Literary Criticism. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Pearson, Prentice Hall, 2007.Dictionary.com. 10 July 2010 .Dictionary.com. 15 July 2010 .Dictionary.com. 19 July 2010 .Fagles. 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